设置属性值

本章将介绍我们在标记中设置(或修改)属性值的方式。

设置任意属性值

th:attr 用于设置属性:

<form action="subscribe.html" th:attr="action=@{/subscribe}">
  <fieldset>
    <input type="text" name="email" />
    <input type="submit" value="Subscribe!" th:attr="value=#{subscribe.submit}"/>
  </fieldset>
</form>

th:attr会将表达式的结果,设置到相应的属性中去。上面模板结果如下:

<form action="/gtvg/subscribe">
  <fieldset>
    <input type="text" name="email" />
    <input type="submit" value="¡Suscríbe!"/>
  </fieldset>
</form>

我们也能同时设置多个属性值:

<img src="../../images/gtvglogo.png" 
     th:attr="src=@{/images/gtvglogo.png},title=#{logo},alt=#{logo}" />

输出如下:

<img src="/gtgv/images/gtvglogo.png" title="Logo de Good Thymes" alt="Logo de Good Thymes" />

设置值到指定的属性

现在,你可能会想到像:

<input type="submit" value="Subscribe!" th:attr="value=#{subscribe.submit}"/>

上面可以指定一个属性的值,但看上去有点丑陋,且并不是最优雅的方式。 通常,你将使用其他任务的th:*属性 设置特定的标签属性(而不仅仅是像“th:attr”这样的任意属性)。

例如,要设置value属性,使用th:value

<input type="submit" value="Subscribe!" th:value="#{subscribe.submit}"/>

要设置 action 属性,使用th:action

<form action="subscribe.html" th:action="@{/subscribe}">

Thymeleaf 提供了很多属性,每个都针对特定的HTML5属性:

th:abbr th:accept th:accept-charset
th:accesskey th:action th:align
th:alt th:archive th:audio
th:autocomplete th:axis th:background
th:bgcolor th:border th:cellpadding
th:cellspacing th:challenge th:charset
th:cite th:class th:classid
th:codebase th:codetype th:cols
th:colspan th:compact th:content
th:contenteditable th:contextmenu th:data
th:datetime th:dir th:draggable
th:dropzone th:enctype th:for
th:form th:formaction th:formenctype
th:formmethod th:formtarget th:fragment
th:frame th:frameborder th:headers
th:height th:high th:href
th:hreflang th:hspace th:http-equiv
th:icon th:id th:inline
th:keytype th:kind th:label
th:lang th:list th:longdesc
th:low th:manifest th:marginheight
th:marginwidth th:max th:maxlength
th:media th:method th:min
th:name th:onabort th:onafterprint
th:onbeforeprint th:onbeforeunload th:onblur
th:oncanplay th:oncanplaythrough th:onchange
th:onclick th:oncontextmenu th:ondblclick
th:ondrag th:ondragend th:ondragenter
th:ondragleave th:ondragover th:ondragstart
th:ondrop th:ondurationchange th:onemptied
th:onended th:onerror th:onfocus
th:onformchange th:onforminput th:onhashchange
th:oninput th:oninvalid th:onkeydown
th:onkeypress th:onkeyup th:onload
th:onloadeddata th:onloadedmetadata th:onloadstart
th:onmessage th:onmousedown th:onmousemove
th:onmouseout th:onmouseover th:onmouseup
th:onmousewheel th:onoffline th:ononline
th:onpause th:onplay th:onplaying
th:onpopstate th:onprogress th:onratechange
th:onreadystatechange th:onredo th:onreset
th:onresize th:onscroll th:onseeked
th:onseeking th:onselect th:onshow
th:onstalled th:onstorage th:onsubmit
th:onsuspend th:ontimeupdate th:onundo
th:onunload th:onvolumechange th:onwaiting
th:optimum th:pattern th:placeholder
th:poster th:preload th:radiogroup
th:rel th:rev th:rows
th:rowspan th:rules th:sandbox
th:scheme th:scope th:scrolling
th:size th:sizes th:span
th:spellcheck th:src th:srclang
th:standby th:start th:step
th:style th:summary th:tabindex
th:target th:title th:type
th:usemap th:value th:valuetype
th:vspace th:width th:wrap
th:xmlbase th:xmllang th:xmlspace

同时设置多个值

th:alt-titleth:lang-xmllang 是两个特殊的属性,可以同时设置同一个值到两个属性:

  • th:alt-title 用于设置 alttitle
  • th:lang-xmllang 用于设置 langxml:lang
<img src="../../images/gtvglogo.png" 
     th:attr="src=@{/images/gtvglogo.png},title=#{logo},alt=#{logo}" />

等价于:

<img src="../../images/gtvglogo.png" 
     th:src="@{/images/gtvglogo.png}" th:alt-title="#{logo}" />

最终结果都是:

<img src="../../images/gtvglogo.png" 
     th:src="@{/images/gtvglogo.png}" th:title="#{logo}" th:alt="#{logo}" />

附加和添加前缀

th:attrappendth:attrprepend 用于附加和添加前缀属性。例如

<input type="button" value="Do it!" class="btn" th:attrappend="class=${' ' + cssStyle}" />

执行模版, cssStyle 变量设置为 "warning"时,输出如下:

<input type="button" value="Do it!" class="btn warning" />

同时,有 th:classappendth:styleappend 用于设置CSS 的 class 和 style。例如:

<tr th:each="prod : ${prods}" class="row" th:classappend="${prodStat.odd}? 'odd'">

固定值布尔属性

HTML具有布尔属性的概念,没有值的属性意味着该值为“true”。 在XHTML中,这些属性只取一个值,即它本身。

例如,checked:

<input type="checkbox" name="option2" checked /> <!-- HTML -->
<input type="checkbox" name="option1" checked="checked" /> <!-- XHTML -->

标准方言包括允许您通过评估条件来设置这些属性,如果评估为true,则该属性将被设置为其固定值,如果评估为false,则不会设置该属性:

<input type="checkbox" name="active" th:checked="${user.active}" />

标准方言中存在以下固定值布尔属性:

th:async th:autofocus th:autoplay
th:checked th:controls th:declare
th:default th:defer th:disabled
th:formnovalidate th:hidden th:ismap
th:loop th:multiple th:novalidate
th:nowrap th:open th:pubdate
th:readonly th:required th:reversed
th:scoped th:seamless th:selected

默认属性处理器

提供 “默认属性处理器(default attribute processor)”,当标准方言没有提供的属性时,也可以设置其属性。比如:

<span th:whatever="${user.name}">...</span>

th:whatever 不是标准方言中提供的属性,则最终输出如下:

<span whatever="John Apricot">...</span>

支持对HTML5 友好的属性及元素名称

data-{prefix}-{name}语法在HTML5中编写自定义属性的标准方式,不需要开发人员使用任何名称空间的名字,如th:*。 Thymeleaf使这种语法自动提供给所有的方言(而不只是标准方言)。

<table>
    <tr data-th-each="user : ${users}">
        <td data-th-text="${user.login}">...</td>
        <td data-th-text="${user.name}">...</td>
    </tr>
</table>

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